Types Neuroglia of the brain shown by Golgi's method Astrocytes can be identified in culture because, unlike other mature glia, they express glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) Glial cells in a rat brain stained with an antibody against GFAP Different types of neuroglia Macroglia The term derives from Greek γλία and γλοία "glue" ( English: / ˈ ɡ l iː ə/ or / ˈ ɡ l aɪ ə/), and suggests the original impression that they were the glue of the nervous system. Glia were discovered in 1856, by the pathologist Rudolf Virchow in his search for a "connective tissue" in the brain. Additionally, they can affect both the preservation and consolidation of memories. Glial cells have far more cellular diversity and functions than neurons, and glial cells can respond to and manipulate neurotransmission in many ways. While glia were thought to outnumber neurons by a ratio of 10:1, recent studies using newer methods and reappraisal of historical quantitative evidence suggests an overall ratio of less than 1:1, with substantial variation between different brain tissues. They also play a role in neurotransmission and synaptic connections, and in physiological processes such as breathing. to destroy pathogens and remove dead neurons.to supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons.to surround neurons and hold them in place.
In the central nervous system, glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia, and in the peripheral nervous system they include Schwann cells and satellite cells.
They maintain homeostasis, form myelin in the peripheral nervous system, and provide support and protection for neurons. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in our body. Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non- neuronal cells in the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses.
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